@conference {8222, title = {Phylogeny and divergence times of pygmy leafmining moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae), the earliest lepidopteran radiation on angiosperms?}, booktitle = {XXV International Congress of Entomology}, year = {2016}, month = {2016-09-25}, pages = {3065}, publisher = {Entomological Society of America}, organization = {Entomological Society of America}, address = {Orlando, Florida, USA}, abstract = {

Nepticulidae are amongst the earliest radiating Lepidoptera, with a fossil record of larval leafmines from the Albian onwards. We present a phylogeny and analysis of divergence times based on eight molecular markers, a taxonset of ca 350 exemplars, representing almost all (sub)generic groupings. The support for the monophyly of most clades is high, but not all previous groupings are recovered. Ectoedemia s.l. with several subgenera is not monophyletic, but all subgenera are. The small genus Enteucha is sistergroup to all other Nepticulidae in most analyses, but close to Stigmella in others. The large genus Stigmella is divided in three well supported clades, two of which harbour most tropical species. In our new classification we abandon subgenera and subfamilial ranks. The resulting genera are not only supported by several morphological apomorphies, several have specific biologies, a limited host plant choice and a limited biogeography. Particularly the Neotropics show separate clades. Using two fossil calibration points, we estimate the divergence times of genera and discuss their congruence with other recent insights in Lepidoptera diversification dating estimates. The estimated 95\% confidence interval for the origin of Nepticulidae falls almost completely within the Early Cretaceous. Almost all of the currently recognized genera are estimated to have originated before the end of the Cretaceous, 66 mya. Considering that Nepticulidae are the first larger group of Lepidoptera, with 850 named and 2000 assumed species, specialising in angiosperm feeding, we postulate that also geologically the Nepticulidae formed the first larger group of Lepidoptera, radiating on angiosperms.

}, keywords = {Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae, phylogeny, Time tree}, doi = {10.1603/ICE.2016.113027}, author = {Doorenweerd, Camiel and Nieukerken, Erik J. van and Hoare, Robert J. B.} } @article {8218, title = {Phylogeny, classification and divergence times of pygmy leafmining moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae): the earliest lepidopteran radiation on Angiosperms?}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {42}, year = {2016}, month = {2016-10-31}, pages = {267-287}, abstract = {

Nepticulidae is one of the early diverging Lepidoptera lineages, and currently comprises over 850 described species. The larvae of the vast majority of the species are leafminers on Angiosperms and highly monophagous, which has led to persistent ideas on coevolution with their plant hosts. We here present a molecular phylogeny based on eight gene fragments from 355 species, representing 20 out of 22 extant Nepticulidae genera. Using two fossil calibration points, we performed molecular dating to place the origin of the family in the Early Cretaceous, before the main Angiosperm diversification. Based on our results we propose a new classification, abandoning all ranks between family and genus, as well as subgenera to allow for a stable classification. The position of Enteucha within Nepticulidae remains somewhat ambiguous, and the species rich cosmopolitan genus Stigmella, with nearly half of all described Nepticulidae, requires further study. Ectoedemia, Zimmermannia, Acalyptris, Etainia, Parafomoria, Muhabbetana and Fomoria appear to have diversified in a relatively short evolutionary period, leading to short branches in the molecular phylogeny and unclear suprageneric relations. Otherwise supports throughout the phylogeny are mostly high and the species groups, genera and higher clades are discussed in respect to their supporting morphological and life history characters. Wing venation characters are confirmed to mostly be reliable and relevant for classification, but some other characters previously used require re-interpretation. The species groups of most genera are recovered, but only partly so in the large genus Stigmella. The molecular dating results are compared with existing knowledge on the timing of the Angiosperm radiation and reveal that the diversification of Nepticulidae could largely have been contemporaneous with their hosts, although some of the genera restricted to a single plant family appear to have begun to diversify before their hosts. This is the first published update on the full classification of Nepticulidae in over 15 years, and the first time that more than two Nepticulidae taxa are included in molecular dating estimates.

}, keywords = {Acalyptris, Acalyptris platani group, Acalyptris psammophricta group, Acalyptris scirpi group, Acalyptris staticis group, Areticulata, Bohemannia, Bohemannia pulverosella, Casanovula, CRETACEOUS, Ectoedemia, Ectoedemia angulifasciella, Ectoedemia angulifasciella group, Ectoedemia commiphorella group, Ectoedemia occultella, Ectoedemia populella group, Ectoedemia quadrinotata, Ectoedemia subbimaculella group, Enteucha, Enteucha basidactyla, Enteucha gilvafascia, Etainia, Etainia obtusa, Fomoria, Fomoria groschkei group, Fomoria vannifera, Fomoria vannifera group, Fomoria viridissimella, Fomoria weaveri group, glaucolepis, Glaucolepis argentosa, Glaucolepis headleyella group, Glaucolepis oishiella, Glaucolepis raikhonae, Glaucolepis raikhonae group, Glaucolepis saccharella, Glaucolepis saccharella group, Hesperolyra, Leafmines, Levarchama, Menurella, Menurella xenadelpha, Molecular clock, Molecular phylogenetics, Morphology, Muhabbetana, Muhabbetana grandinosa, Neotrifurcula, Nepticulidae, Opostega, Opostega salaciella, Opostegidae, Opostegoides, Ozadelpha, Ozadelpha conostegiae, Ozadelpha EvN4680, Ozadelpha guajavae, Parafomoria, Pectinivalva, phylogeny, Pseudopostega, Pygmy moths, Roscidotoga, Simplimorpha, Simplimorpha lanceifoliella, Simplimorpha promissa, Stigmella, Stigmella anomalella group, Stigmella aurella group, Stigmella betulicola group, Stigmella epicosma group, Stigmella floslactella group, Stigmella hybnerella group, Stigmella intronia, Stigmella irregularis group, Stigmella lapponica group, Stigmella lemniscella group, Stigmella malella, Stigmella naturnella, Stigmella ogygia group, Stigmella oxyacanthella group, Stigmella paliurella group, Stigmella paradoxa group, Stigmella prunifoliella group, Stigmella quercipulchella group, Stigmella ruficapitella group, Stigmella saginella group, Stigmella salicis group, Stigmella sanguisorbae group, Stigmella slingerlandella, Stigmella tricentra, Stigmella ulmivora group, Stigmella ultima group, Trifurcula, Trifurcula cryptella group, Trifurcula pallidella group, Trifurcula subnitidella group, Varius, Zimmermannia}, doi = {10.1111/syen.12212}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/syen.12212/full}, author = {Doorenweerd, Camiel and Nieukerken, Erik J. van and Hoare, Robert J. B.} } @article {8172, title = {Revised classification and catalogue of global Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera: Nepticuloidea)}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {628}, year = {2016}, month = {2016-10-31}, pages = {65{\textendash}246}, abstract = {

A catalogue of all named Nepticulidae and Opostegidae is presented, including fossil species. The catalogue is simultaneously published online in the scratchpad http://nepticuloidea.info/ and in Catalogue of Life (http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/database/id/172). We provide a historical overview of taxonomic research on Nepticuloidea and a brief \‘state of the art\’. A DNA barcode dataset with 3205 barcodes is made public at the same time, providing DNA barcodes of ca. 779 species, of which 2563 are identified as belonging to 444 validly published species. We recognise 862 extant and 18 fossil species of Nepticulidae in 22 extant genera and the fossil form genus Stigmellites. We count 192 valid Opostegidae species in 7 genera, without fossils. We also list seven dubious Nepticulidae names that cannot be placed due to absent type material and poor descriptions, 18 unavailable names in Nepticulidae that cannot be placed and we also list the 33 names (including four fossils) that once were placed as Nepticulidae or Opostegidae but are now excluded. All synonyms and previous combinations are listed. The generic classification follows the Molecular phylogeny that is published almost simultaneously. Subfamilies and tribes are not recognised, Trifurculinae Scoble, 1983 is synonymised with Nepticulidae Stainton, 1854 and Opostegoidinae Kozlov, 1987 is synonymised with Opostegidae Meyrick, 1893. The status of Casanovula Hoare, 2013, Etainia Beirne, 1945, Fomoria Beirne, 1945, Glaucolepis Braun, 1917, Menurella Hoare, 2013, Muhabbetana Ko\çak \& Kemal, 2007 and Zimmermannia Hering, 1940 is changed from subgenus to full genus, whereas two genera are considered synonyms again: Manoneura Davis, 1979, a synonym of Enteucha Meyrick, 1915 and Levarchama Beirne, 1945, a synonym of Trifurcula Zeller, 1848. We propose 87 new combinations in Nepticulidae and 10 in Opostegidae, largely due to the new classification, and re-examination of some species. We propose the following 37 new synonymies for species (35 in Nepticulidae, 2 in Opostegidae):

Stigmella acerifoliella Dovnar-Zapolski, 1969 (unavailable, = S. acerna Puplesis, 1988), Stigmella nakamurai Kemperman \& Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. palionisi Puplesis, 1984), Nepticula amseli Skala, 1941 (unavailable = S. birgittae Gustafsson, 1985), Stigmella cathepostis Kemperman \& Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. microtheriella (Stainton, 1854)), Stigmella populnea Kemperman \& Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. nivenburgensis (Preissecker, 1942)), Nepticula obscurella Braun, 1912 (revised synonymy, = S. myricafoliella (Busck, 1900)), Nepticula mandingella Gustafsson, 1972 (= S. wollofella Gustafsson, 1972), Stigmella rosaefoliella pectocatena Wilkinson \& Scoble, 1979 (= S. centifoliella (Zeller, 1848)), Micropteryx pomivorella Packard, 1870 (= S. oxyacanthella (Stainton, 1854)), Stigmella crataegivora Puplesis, 1985 (= S. micromelis Puplesis, 1985), Stigmella scinanella Wilkinson \& Scoble, 1979 (= S. purpuratella (Braun, 1917)), Stigmella palmatae Puplesis, 1984 (= S. filipendulae (Wocke, 1871)), Stigmella sesplicata Kemperman \& Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. lediella (Schleich, 1867)), Stigmella rhododendrifolia Dovnar-Zapolski \& Tomilova, 1978 (unavailable, = S. lediella (Schleich, 1867)), Stigmella oa Kemperman \& Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. spiculifera Kemperman \& Wilkinson, 1985), Stigmella gracilipae Hirano, 2014 (= S. monticulella Puplesis, 1984), Nepticula chaoniella Herrich-Sch\äffer, 1863 (= S. samiatella (Zeller, 1839)), Bohemannia piotra Puplesis, 1984 (= B. pulverosella (Stainton, 1849)), Bohemannia nipponicella Hirano, 2010 (= B. manschurella Puplesis, 1984), Sinopticula sinica Yang, 1989 (= Glaucolepis oishiella (Matsumura, 1931)), Trifurcula collinella Nel, 2012 (= Glaucolepis magna (A. La\štuvka \& Z. La\štuvka, 1997)), Obrussa tigrinella Puplesis, 1985 (= Etainia trifasciata (Matsumura, 1931)), Microcalyptris vittatus Puplesis, 1984 and M. arenosus Falkovitsh, 1986 (both = Acalyptris falkovitshi (Puplesis, 1984)), Ectoedemia castaneae Busck, 1913, E. heinrichi Busck, 1914 and E. helenella Wilkinson, 1981 (all three = Zimmermannia bosquella (Chambers, 1878)), Ectoedemia chloranthis Meyrick, 1928 and E. acanthella Wilkinson \& Newton, 1981 (both = Zimmermannia grandisella (Chambers, 1880)), Ectoedemia coruscella Wilkinson, 1981 (= Zimmermannia mesoloba (Davis, 1978)), Ectoedemia piperella Wilkinson \& Newton, 1981 and E. reneella Wilkinson, 1981 (both =Zimmermannia obrutella (Zeller, 1873)), Ectoedemia similigena Puplesis, 1994 (= E. turbidella (Zeller, 1848)), Ectoedemia andrella Wilkinson, 1981 (= E. ulmella (Braun, 1912)), Nepticula canadensis Braun, 1917 (= E. minimella (Zetterstedt, 1839)), Opostega rezniki Kozlov, 1985 (= O. cretatella Chr\étien, 1915), Pseudopostega cyrneochalcopepla Nel \& Varenne, 2012 (= P. chalcopepla (Walsingham, 1908)). Stigmella caryaefoliella (Clemens, 1861) and Zimmermannia bosquella (Chambers, 1878) are taken out of synonymy and re-instated as full species. Lectotypes are designated for Trifurcula obrutella Zeller, 1873 and Nepticula grandisella Chambers, 1880.

}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.628.9799}, url = {http://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=9799}, author = {Nieukerken, Erik J. van and Doorenweerd, Camiel and Hoare, Robert J. B. and Davis, Donald R.} } @article {7698, title = {A new genus of primitive Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from eastern Australia, with a revised diagnosis of nepticulid subfamilies}, journal = {Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {128}, number = {3}, year = {2000}, month = {2000-03}, pages = {289-317}, abstract = {

Roscidotoga, a new genus of Nepticulidae, is described. Three new species-R. callicomae, R. eucryphiae and R. sapphiripes-are described, all from rainforest in eastern Australia. Adults, genitalia, larvae, pupal exuviae and mines are illustrated. The larvae are leaf-miners on the Gondwanan plant families Cunoniaceae, Eucryphiaceae and Elaeocarpaceae. The systematic position of the genus is discussed: it is assigned to the subfamily Pectinivalvinae and considered to represent the sister-group of Pectinivalva Scoble, which likewise appears to be endemic to Australia. A revised diagnosis of the two nepticulid subfamilies is presented.

}, keywords = {Australia, Cunoniaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Eucryphiaceae, Food plants, leafmining, Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae, New genus, New South Wales, New species, Pectinivalvinae, Queensland, Roscidotoga, Roscidotoga callicomae, Roscidotoga eucryphiae, Roscidotoga sapphiripes, Tasmania}, doi = {10.1006/zjls.1998.0189}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00165.x/abstract}, author = {Hoare, Robert J. B.} } @article {7529, title = {Phylogeny and host-plant relationships of the Australian~Myrtaceae leafmining moth genus Pectinivalva (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae), with~new~subgenera and species}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {278}, year = {2013}, month = {2013-03-15}, pages = {1-64}, publisher = {Pensoft Publishers}, edition = {2013-03-15}, abstract = {

The phylogeny of the mainly Australian nepticulid genus Pectinivalva Scoble, 1983 is investigated on the basis of morphology, and a division into three monophyletic subgenera is proposed on the basis of these results. These subgenera (Pectinivalva, Casanovula Hoare, subgen. n. and Menurella Hoare, subgen. n. ) are described and diagnosed, the described species of Pectinivalva are assigned to them, and representative new species are described in each: P. (P.) mystaconota Hoare, sp. n., P. (C.) brevipalpa Hoare, sp. n., P. (C.) minotaurus Hoare, sp. n., P. (M.) scotodes Hoare, sp. n., P. (M.) acmenae Hoare, sp. n., P. (M.) xenadelpha Van Nieukerken \& Hoare, sp. n., P. (M.) quintiniae Hoare \& Van Nieukerken, sp. n., and P. (M.) tribulatrix Van Nieukerken \& Hoare, sp. n. Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae (from Quintinia verdonii, Paracryphiaceae) is the first known member of the genus with a host-plant not belonging to Myrtaceae. P. (M.) xenadelpha from Mt Gunung Lumut, Kalimantan, Borneo, is the first pectinivalvine reported from outside Australia. Keys to the subgenera of Nepticulidae known from Australia, based on adults, male and female genitalia, and larvae, are presented. Host-plant relationships of Pectinivalva are discussed with relation to the phylogeny, and a list of known host-plants of Pectinivalva, including hosts of undescribed species, is presented. DNA barcodes are provided for most of the new and several unnamed species.

}, keywords = {Australia, Borneo, Casanovula, Eucalyptus, Kalimantan, Lepidoptera, Menurella, Myrtaceae, Nepticulidae, Paracryphiaceae, Pectinivalva, Pectinivalva acmenae, Pectinivalva brevipalpa, Pectinivalva minotaurus, Pectinivalva mystaconota, Pectinivalva quintiniae, Pectinivalva scotodes, Pectinivalva tribulatrix, Pectinivalva xenadelpha, phylogeny, rainforest, Syzygium}, author = {Hoare, Robert J. B. and Erik J. van Nieukerken} } @article {7482, title = {A new species of the endemic Australian genus Roscidotoga Hoare from rainforests in southern Queensland (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)}, journal = {Tijdschrift voor Entomologie}, volume = {154}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, month = {2011-12-01}, pages = {193-201}, abstract = {The new species Roscidotoga lamingtonia is described, a leafminer on Sloanea woollsii (Elaeocarpaceae) from the subtropical rainforests of Lamington National Park, southern Queensland, and Border Ranges National Park, New South Wales. R. callicomae Hoare, 2000 is recorded for the first time from Queensland, and from Lamington National Park. These records fall within the genus{\textquoteright} limited range in the rainforests in eastern Australia. R. lamingtonia is the second species of the genus feeding on Elaeocarpaceae. On the basis of a few possible apomorphies we hypothesize one host-shift from Cunoniaceae to Elaeocarpaceae. DNA barcodes for R. lamingtonia and R. callicomae are given. }, keywords = {Australia, Elaeocarpaceae, Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae, New South Wales, Queensland, Roscidotoga callicomae, Roscidotoga lamingtonia}, url = {http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/403561}, author = {Erik J. van Nieukerken and Berg, Cornelis van den and Hoare, Robert J. B.} } @article {7395, title = {Australian Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera): redescription of the named species}, journal = {Entomologica Scandinavica}, volume = {28}, number = {1}, year = {1997}, month = {1997-03}, pages = {1-26}, abstract = {

The named Australian species of Nepticulidae are redescribed and illustrated. The genitalia of all but one species are described and illustrated, in most cases for the first time. Of the 16 species treated, 13 belong to the probably endemic genus Pectinivalva Scoble: P. caenodora (Meyrick), P. chalcitis (Meyrick), P. commoni Scoble, P. endocapna (Meyrick), P. gilva (Meyrick), P. melanotis (Meyrick), P. anazona (Meyrick), P. funeralis (Meyrick), P. libera (Meyrick), P. planetis (Meyrick), P. primigena (Meyrick), P. trepida (Meyrick) and P warburtonensis (Wilson). The remaining three are referable to the worldwide genus Stigmella Schrank: S. leucargyra (Meyrick), S. phyllanthina (Meyrick) and S. symmora (Meyrick). Pectinivalva is provisionally split into two informal species groups (the \&$\#$39;commoni\&$\#$39; group and the \&$\#$39;funeralis\&$\#$39; group), and a diagnosis is provided for these. Brief details of biology are given where known.

}, keywords = {Australia, Lepidoptera, Nepticula endocapna, Nepticula leucargyra, Nepticula phyllanthina, Nepticula symmora, Nepticula trepida, Nepticula warburtonensis, Nepticulidae, Pectinivalva, Pectinivalva anazona, Pectinivalva caenodora, Pectinivalva chalcitis, Pectinivalva commoni, Pectinivalva commoni group, Pectinivalva endocapna, Pectinivalva funeralis, Pectinivalva funeralis group, Pectinivalva gilva, Pectinivalva libera, Pectinivalva melanotis, Pectinivalva planetis, Pectinivalva primigena, Pectinivalva trepida, Pectinivalva warburtonensis, Stigmella, Stigmella leucargyra, Stigmella phyllanthina, Stigmella symmora}, author = {Hoare, Robert J. B. and Johansson, Ronald and Erik J. van Nieukerken and Nielsen, Ebbe S.} }