@article {7644,
	title = {Lepidoptera of Arkhangelsk oblast of Russia: a regional checklist},
	journal = {Entomologica Fennica},
	volume = {25},
	number = {3},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014-11-10},
	pages = {113-141},
	abstract = {<p>The first regional checklist of moths and butterflies of Arkhangelsk oblast of Russia includes 1,036 species (538 species of microlepidoptera and 498 species of macrolepidoptera), 496 of which have been found in the oblast for the first time. The most interesting records include Gnorimoschema robustella, Caryocolum leucomelanella, Dichrorampha sequana, D. uralensis, Neptis rivularis and Melitaea phoebe. We also discovered several populations of Parnassius mnemosyne in the southern part of the oblast. The fauna of Arkhangelsk oblast appears poorer than the fauna of Northern Ural Mts. but still includes some Siberian taiga species which do not reach Fennoscandia. Also, the distribution limits of several species extend further north in Arkhangelsk oblast than in the more western parts of Europe.We estimate that 500 to 800 species remain to be found in the study region.</p>
},
	keywords = {Country checklist, Ectoedemia intimella, Ectoedemia minimella, Ectoedemia occultella, Lepidoptera, Opostega salaciella, Russia, Stigmella anomalella, Stigmella assimilella, Stigmella betulicola, Stigmella confusella, Stigmella lapponica, Stigmella lemniscella, Stigmella luteella, Stigmella magdalenae, Stigmella nylandriella, Stigmella sorbi, Stigmella splendidissimella, Stigmella trimaculella},
	author = {Kozlov, Mikhail V. and Kullberg, Jaakko and Zverev, Vitali E.}
}
@article {7532,
	title = {Abundance and diversity of birch-feeding leafminers along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe},
	journal = {Ecography},
	volume = {36},
	number = {10},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013-09-20},
	pages = {1138-1149},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	edition = {2013-03-27},
	abstract = {<p>Latitudinal patterns in biotic interactions, including herbivory, have been widely debated during the past years. In particular, recent meta-analysis questioned the hypothesis that herbivory increases from the poles towards the equator. Our study was designed to verify this hypothesis by exploring latitudinal patterns in abundance and diversity of birch-feeding insect herbivores belonging to the leafminer guild in northern Europe, from 59\&deg; to 69\&deg;N. We collected branches from five mature trees of two birch species (Betula pendula and B. pubescens) at each study site (ten sites for each of five latitudinal gradients) twice per season (in early and late summer of 2008\&ndash;2011) and attributed all mines found on leaves of these branches to a certain taxon of insects. Latitudinal patterns were quantified by calculating Spearman rank correlation coefficients between both abundance and diversity of leafmining taxa and latitudes of sampling sites. In general, both abundance and diversity of leafminers significantly decreased with latitude. However, we discovered pronounced variation in patterns of latitudinal changes among study years and leafminer taxa. Variation among study years was best explained by mean temperatures in July at the northern ends of our gradients. During cold years, abundance of leafminers significantly decreased with latitude, while during warm years the abundance was either independent of latitude or even increased towards the pole. In the northern boreal forests (66\&deg; to 69\&deg;N), herbivores demonstrated larger changes in densities in response to temperature variations than in the boreo-nemoral forests (59\&deg; to 62\&deg;N). Our data suggest that climate warming will result in a stronger increase in herbivory at higher latitudes than at lower latitudes.</p>
},
	keywords = {Betula, Bucculatricidae, Ectoedemia minimella, Ectoedemia occultella, Finland, gracillariidae, Incurvariidae, leaf mines, Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae, Norway, Russia, Stigmella betulicola, Stigmella confusella, Stigmella continuella, Stigmella lapponica, Stigmella luteella},
	isbn = {1600-0587},
	author = {Kozlov, Mikhail V. and Erik J. van Nieukerken and Zverev, Vitali and Zvereva, Elena L.}
}
