Description of five new Stigmella and one Bohemannia species from Japan, with a new record of one Bohemannia species (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae)

Nepticulidae is a large family of microlepidoptera. At present, 51 described species have been known from Japan (Diskus & Puplesis, 2003). In this paper, five new species of the genus Stigmella and one new species of the genus Bohemannia are described. The holotypes will be deposited in the collection of National Museum of Nature and Science (NSMT); the paratypes will be deposited in the collection of NSMT and the Osaka Prefectural University (OPU). Specimens examined are given in the main text. In addition, Bohemannia ussuriella Puplesis is firstly recorded from Japan. The ruficapitella group Stigmella crenatiella sp. nov. (Figs 3,15,21,25) Stigmella sp. 1, Owada et al., 2006: 41, fig. 4. Stigmella sp. 3, Oku, 2003: 8. Wingspan 4.0-5.0 mm, forewing length 1.8mm - 2.3mm. Head: tuft orange, scape and coller deep yellow-brown. Forewing fuscous with leaden shine; in male, underside with a Vertical line of erected scales; cilia fuscous. Hindwing and cilia light grayish brown. Male genitalia (Fig. 15): valva broad, cuiller rounded, style slender and simple; uncus a pair of large triangular processes; posterior arm of gnathos slender, elongate; lateral arm of transtilla short and large; aedeagus very large, with cornuti a band of numerous minute processes basally and developed prominents apically; manica absent. Female genitalia (Fig. 21): anterior apophyses as long as posterior apophyses; bursa copulatrix ovate-shaped, without signum; accessory sac large, with a spiny and elongate duct, and an elongate sclerotized band bearing minute spines; ductus spermathecae with six convolutions. Remarks. This species is similar to S. aladina Puplesis (host: Quercus) but smaller in size (wingspan 4.9-5.8mm in S. aladina). The male is without erected scale line on the underside of its forewing (present in S. aladina). The female can be distinguished from the latter by the larger accessory sac with the much larger sclerorized band.Host plant. Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc. (Fagaceae). See Fig. 25 for the mine. Distribution. Japan (Honshu). Stigmella azuminoensis sp. nov. (Figs 5, 10-11, 18, 29-33) Wingspan 5.3mm-5.8mm, forewing length 2.4mm-2.7mm. Head: tuft orange, scape shiny ocherous, collar reddish purple, antenna dark purple. Forewing dark purplish copper with a silver fascia at 4/6; cilia brown. Hindwing and cilia brown. Male genitalia (Figs 10-11): valva broad, cuiller with a finger-like process, style slender; uncus with small triangular processes widely separated; gnathos a semicircular plate; ventral arm of transtilla a short transverse bar; aedeagus stout, cornuti a wide band of minute processes posteriorly and rather large thorns anteriorly; manica absent. Female genitalia (Figs 18): anterior apophyses wide; bursa copulatrix twice as long as accessory sac, with minute pectinations; accessory sac wrinkled; ductus spermathecae with three convolutions. Remarks. This species has unique characters among the Holarctic nepticulid species such as the semicircular gnathos in the male genitalia and tergal blackish spots of the larva (Figs 32-33). In addition, the larvae pierce the leaf surface when they change direction (Fig. 31); this behavior is also unique to this species. Host plant. Quercus serrata Thunb., Q. dentata Thunb., Q. acutissima Carruth. (Fagaceae). See Figs 29-31 for mines. Distribution. Japan (Honshu). Stigmella hisakoae sp. nov. (Figs 1-2, 12,19, 26) Stigmella sp. 4, Oku, 2003: 9. Wingspan 4.9mm-6.7mm, forewing length 2.1mm-2.9mm. Head: tuft orange, scape and collar creamy; antenna fuscous. Forewing fuscous with pale yellowish fascia at 4/6; cilia pale grayish brown. Hindwing and cilia fuscous with blue-purplish sheen in male, pale grayish brown in female. Male genitalia (Fig. 12): valva short, style a large thorn; uncus trapezoidal, bifircated gnathos band-like, the lower edge widely concaved ventral arm of transtilla slender, oblique bar; aedeagu stout, cornuti consisting of a basal mass of minute processes basally, an median row of large prominents and a group of large apical thorns.